Nordic Fire Statistics

The purpose of Nordic Fire Statistics is to provide statistics on fire deaths and building fires which are of sufficient quality to allow a comparison of the fire problem across the Nordic countries and Estonia.

Nordic Fire Statistics – a work in progress

Statistics on fire deaths and building fires in the Nordic countries have been published on this website for several years. It is now time to revise the contents and publish statistics in a new way.

For a short period, this site will have some basic statistics covering the most recent years for which data has been compiled. More statistics will become available when the participating countries have agreed on definitions for the new content and provided updated data sets.

Fire deaths

In recent years, Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden have experienced a broadly similar level of fire deaths measured as a yearly rate per million population. The level of fire deaths is lower in Iceland, and higher in Estonia.

  • Statistics on fire deaths

    The central authorities in the participating countries follow up all fire deaths that come to their knowledge. If relevant information is available, they make an assessment about the location and cause of the fire, and how the fire has led to the fatal injuries sustained by the fire victims.

    To be included in these statistics, the fire authority must assess that the death has occurred within 30 days due to injuries sustained in a fire (most often burns or the toxic effects of smoke).

    Fire deaths per year 2010 – 2024

    Diagram showing the number of deaths per year for the Nordic countries and Estonia, from 2010 to 2024. The figures vary quite substantially from year to year. Sweden has more deaths than the other countries, from 130 in 2010 to 88 in 2024. Iceland has at most 6 deaths in one year.

    Fire deaths per year and country

    Fire deaths per year 2010 – 2024 (Excel)

    When comparing countries, it is relevant to relate the number of fire deaths to the population in each country. The diagram below shows the yearly rate per million population. It is interesting to note that in recent years, Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden have experienced a broadly similar level of fire deaths.

    The level of fire deaths is lower in Iceland, but they have a relatively low population and there are often years when no fire deaths occur. The death rate due to fire is substantially higher in Estonia, but politicians have agreed on the goal of reducing this to the level of the Nordic countries, and the current level is far lower than in 2010.

    Fire deaths per million population 2010 – 2024

    Diagram showing the number of fire deaths per year per million population, from 2010 to 2024. The rate for Iceland varies between 0 and 16. The figures for the other Nordic countries all lie in the range 5 to 16. The rate for Estland is much higher, but has fallen from 52 in 2010 to 27 in 2024.

    Fire deaths per million population 2010 – 2024

    Fire deaths per million population 2010 – 2024 (Excel) 

    Fire deaths by scene of fire, yearly average 2010 – 2024

    Scene Denmark Estonia Finland Norway Sweden
    Block of flats 20,8 18,5 15,1 9,7 36,5
    House 24,9 21,1 32,1 22,5 38,5
    Summerhouse 1,3 2,3 3,7 1,9 3,3
    Health and social services 7,5 1,0 0,5 2,3 4,1
    Other building 3,6 3,5 3,2 2,9 3,0
    Road vehicles 1,5 0,2 3,2 0,9 6,3
    Other outdoor 1,2 1,2 2,1 2,7 4,1
    Unknown outdoor 0,7 0,0 0,1 0,1 0,1

    Figures for Iceland will be provided when the contents of this website are revised.


    Fire deaths by month of fire, yearly average 2010 – 2024

    Month Denmark Estonia Finland Norway Sweden
    January 7,3 5,4 7,5 6,2 12,0
    February 5,3 6,4 5,7 3,7 8,9
    March 6,6 5,1 5,2 4,2 8,4
    April 5,7 4,1 5,2 3,7 8,0
    May 5,3 3,7 5,4 2,5 9,1
    June 3,9 1,7 3,1 2,3 6,1
    July 2,7 1,5 2,2 2,6 4,9
    August 2,9 1,3 3,5 2,3 3,9
    September 3,9 2,5 4,9 ,5 5,7
    October 4,6 4,3 5,4 3,4 7,7
    November 6,3 3,7 6,1 3,7 9,1
    December 7,0 8,2 5,8 6,0 12,3

    Figures for Iceland will be provided when the contents of this website are revised.

Building fires

In recent years the yearly rate of building fires in the Nordic countries and Estonia has ranged between 600 and 1100 fires per million population.

  • Statistics on building fires

    These statistics concern building fires which the fire and rescue service have been called to, and which are assessed by the fire and rescue service to have caused injury or damage to property.

    All the participating countries present statistics for various kinds of buildings, but the categories are not always comparable, in particular for non-residential buildings. Unfortunately, the only way to present comparable statistics is to group all non-residential buildings together in a single category.

    Building fires per year 2016 – 2024

    Diagram showing the number of building fires per year for the Nordic countries and Estonia, from 2016 to 2024. The figures are fairly stable, with Iceland having approximately 250 building fires per year, Estonia 1400 and the other Nordic countries around 4500 to 5500 building fires.

    Building fires per year 2016 – 2024

    Building fires per year 2016 – 2024 (Excel)

    Building fires per million population 2016 – 2024

    Diagram showing the number of building fires per year per million population, from 2016 to 2024. There is a gradual reduction over the period. In 2024 Sweden has the lowest rate at 527, and Estonia the highest at 1079.

    Building fires per million population 2016 – 2024

    Building fires per million population 2016 – 2024 (Excel)

    Building fires by category, yearly average 2016 – 2024

    Category Denmark Estonia Finland Norway Sweden
    Block of flats 908 452 1 113 1 256 1763
    House 1 668 298 1 356 1818 1695
    Summerhouse 133 54 140 136 187
    Other building 2 686 502 1 969 1660 2550

    Figures for Iceland will be provided when the contents of this website are revised.

    Building fires by month, yearly average 2016 – 2024

    Month Denmark Estonia Finland Norway Sweden
    January 522 130 420 443 561
    February 415 101 330 357 470
    March 452 106 359 396 513
    April 495 117 375 419 539
    May 499 127 436 428 577
    June 468 121 428 397 530
    July 413 106 395 376 499
    August 401 104 385 390 491
    September 392 97 359 398 463
    October 386 94 351 409 486
    November 405 92 357 395 480
    December 547 113 386 462 585

    Figures for Iceland will be provided when the contents of this website are revised.

About Nordic Fire Statistics

The central fire authorities in the Nordic countries all produce fire statistics based on data collected from their fire and rescue services.

Twenty years ago, the directors general for the central fire authorities in the Nordic countries agreed to initiate a collaboration on fire statistics. The aim was to improve the comparability in the fire statistics produced in the various countries, to compare emerging trends and to learn from each other about methods for statistical analysis to better inform the work of fire prevention.

Politicians in Estonia have agreed on the goal of reducing their level of fire deaths to that of the Nordic countries, and Estonia has therefore joined this collaboration to ensure the quality of their benchmarking with Nordic colleagues.

As a result of this cooperation on fire statistics, it is possible to provide statistics on fire deaths and building fires which are of sufficient quality to allow a very basic comparison of the fire problem across the Nordic countries and Estonia.

Contacts

This website is hosted by the Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency (MSB). If you have general questions concerning the statistics or how we have chosen to publish them on this website, you are welcome to contact us in Sweden. For questions relating to the figures from a specific country, it is more appropriate to get in touch with that country, as they will have a fuller understanding of how the data has been compiled.

Denmark

Danish Emergency Management Agency (Beredskabsstyrelsen)

General website: www.brs.dkStatistics website: statistikbank.brs.dk/Britt Løwe Nyborg: brs-bln@brs.dk

Steen Hjere Nonnemann: brs-shn@brs.dk

Estonia

Estonian Rescue Board (Päästeamet)

General website: www.rescue.ee

Statistics website: www.rescue.ee/et/statistika

Maris Uuetoa: maris.uuetoa@rescue.ee

Oleg Morozov: oleg.morozov@rescue.ee

Finland

Emergency Services Academy (Pelastusopisto)

Statistics website: pelastustoimi.fi/en/rescue-services/statistics

Heidi Liukkonen: heidi.liukkonen@pelastusopisto.fi

Timo Loponen: timo.loponen@pelastusopisto.fi

Ministry of the Interior (Sisäministeriö)

Tiina Etelälahti: tiina.etalalahti@gov.fi

Wellbeing Services County Company Hyvil Oy (Hyvinvointialueyhtiö Hyvil Oy)

Esa Kokki: esa.kokki@hyvil.fi

Iceland

Housing and Construction Authority (Húsnæðis- og mannvirkjastofnun)

General website: www.hms.is

Grétar Þór Þorsteinsson: gretar.thorsteinsson@hms.is

Norway

Norwegian Directorate for Civil Protection (Direktoratet for samfunnssikkerhet og beredskap)

General website: www.dsb.no

Statistics website: www.dsb.no/menyartikler/statistikk/

Reidun Mo: reidun.mo@dsb.no

Vidar Falkenberg: vidar.falkenberg@dsb.no

Sweden

Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency (Myndigheten för samhällsskydd och beredskap, MSB)

General website: www.msb.se

Statistics website: www.msb.se/statistik

Colin McIntyre: colin.mcintyre@msb.se

Joakim Ekberg: joakim.ekberg@msb.se

Go back to the top